Flashpee EDUCONSULT

*CRYSTALLOGRAPHY & MINERAL CRYSTAL SYSTEM* Crystallography is simple the study of crystals, study of growth, shape and geometric character of crystals. Each chemical element and compound tends to crystallize in a definite and characteristic firm when condition is favourable. Crystallography is divided into 3 sections:- (i) Geometrical (ii) Physical and  (iii) Chemical  *CRYSTAL* A Crystal is a regular polyhedral form, bounded by smooth face, which us assumed by a chemical compound, due to the action if its inter-atomic forces, when passing under suitable conditions, from state I'd a liquid or gas to that of a solid   *CRYSTAL FACE* This is a polyhedral form that is bounded by flat planes.  *Note:-* Crystal normally forms during the change of matter from liquid or gas to the solid state. There are geometric forms which are subdivided into:- A. Cubic / Isometric B. Tetragonal C. Orthorhombic D. Monoclinic E. Hexagonal F. Triclinic  *STENO'S LAW OF CONSTAN...

 BERNOULLI'S PRINCIPLE  Bernoulli principle formulated by Daniel Bernoulli states that as the speed of a moving fluid🌊 increases (liquid or gas), the pressure within the fluid decreases.   In other words,  Bernoulli’s principle states that the total mechanical energy of the moving fluid comprising the gravitational potential energy of elevation, the energy associated with the fluid pressure and the kinetic energy of the fluid motion, remains constant    Bernoulli’s principle can be derived from the principle of conservation of energy.    Conservation of energy is applied to the fluid flow to produce Bernoulli’s equation.    Question.  Does mechanical energy not consist of just kinetic and potential energy?   Answer  You're right but since the energy is associated with fluid thereby releasing energy in form of pressure    According to Bernoullis principle, pressure is the mainly observed factor    Movin...

21ST CENTURY LITERACY SKILLS  There are 4 language skills:  1. Listening 2. Speaking 3.Reading 4. Writing.  *The four skills are related to each other by two parameters:*  (a). the mode of communication: oral or written   (b) the direction of communication: receiving or producing the  message   *PRODUCTIVE SKILLS*  The productive skills are  1. SPEAKING 2. WRITING Learners doing these need to produce language.  These skills are contrasted with the *receptive skills* of listening and reading.    *RECEPTIVE SKILLS*  The receptive skills are  1. LISTENING 2. READING Learners do not need to produce language to do these: they receive and understand it.  They can be contrasted with the productive of speaking and writing.  These skills are sometimes erroneously described as   *passive skills,* as if they require no activity.  Note that all skills require some activity.   1. *LITERACY*  ...

    *INFORMATION LITERACY*   This is a vital skill for everyone particularly students of higher leaning in this information era    The American Library Association (2006) defines information literary as a set of abilities requiring individuals to recognize when information is needed and have the ability to locate and use effectively the needed information    *Information literacy* is also defined as self-empowering attitude and commitment by individuals and people at all levels of the society to seek, access, analyse, translate and transform    Information literacy skills consists of; 1. Media literacy 2.  Alphabetical literacy 3. Network literacy 4. Numerical literacy 5. Library education 6. Cultural literacy 7. Computer literacy. 8. Library instructions    *TYPES OF INFORMATION SOURCES*   1. Primary (have not been interpreted by anyone. e.g Diaries, drama, stories, e.t.c) 2. Secondary (interpreting original material e.g ...

THE LIBRARY  Last week we talked about private, public, school, academic and special libraries. Today we will conclude *types of libraries,* pls pay attention and ask questions   4.  *Digital and electronic libraries:*    Digital libraries compromise collections stored in digital formats as opposed to print, microform or other media. Materials contained therein include data and program files which store information.       These files can only be accessed by a computer. CD - ROMs and other types of electronic resources that requires the use of electricity are used in the digital library.    *Electronic libraries* are inclusive of digital libraries in the sense that they also consists of digital resources but have internet connectivity.    The difference between both libraries is that digital libraries consist mainly of information stored in data bases and in storage devices such as CD- ROMs, but lack access to the internet,...

 *ELASTICITY*   Elasticity is the ability of a body to resist a distorting influence and to return to its original size and shape when that influence or force is removed  Solid objects will deform when adequate loads are applied to them; if the material is elastic, the object will return to its initial shape and size after removal   Moving on, the physical reasons for elastic behavior can be quite different for different materials.  In metals, the atomic lattice changes size and shape when forces are applied (energy is added to the system).  But for rubbers and other polymers, elasticity is caused by the stretching of polymer chains when forces are applied. Let's look into Hooke's law  *HOOKE'S LAW*  Hooke's law states that the force required to deform elastic objects should be directly proportional to the distance of deformation, regardless of how large that distance becomes  This is known as perfect elasticity, in which a given object ...

*KINETIC THEORY*  Today's class shall be on Kinetic Theory of Gases   The kinetic theory of gases is a historically significant, but simple, model of the thermodynamic behavior of gases, with which many principal concepts of thermodynamics were established.  The kinetic theory of gases explains the macroscopic properties of gases, such as volume, pressure, and temperature, as well as transport properties such as viscosity, thermal conductivity and mass diffusivity. The model also accounts for related phenomena, such as *Brownian motion.*    *The theory for ideal gases makes the following assumptions:* 1. The gas consists of very small particles known as molecules. This smallness of their size is such that the total volume of the individual gas molecules added up is negligible compared to the volume of the smallest open ball containing all the molecules. This is equivalent to stating that the average distance separating the gas particles is large compared to thei...